17
2017
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03
Of the accumulation of power in the development of powder metallurgy
Chinese Academy of Engineering Xu in 2005 China Development Forum speech pointed out: China must change the mode of growth in manufacturing, green manufacturing will be the direction of the Chinese manufacturing sector for sustainable development. How by manufacturing growth pattern of the East, to further promote the development of the problem of powder metallurgy industry, the reporter recently interviewed the China Iron and Steel Association Powder Metallurgy Association, Laiwu Steel Group Powder Metallurgy Co. chairman Cui Jianmin.
Powder metallurgy rapid development in our country, but still a wide gap with the developed countries
Cui Jianmin, said to reporters, commonly known as iron powder, its precise name should be steel powder. Powder metallurgy materials is closely related to our life, not only are essential materials in the automotive, aerospace, military and other industries, and on refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and other household products also in the large number of applications. China is now the production of iron and steel powder, there are four methods: atomization, reduction, electrolysis and carbonyl. Carbonyl can be obtained nanoscale powder, high purity, high costs, mainly for military applications; electrolysis can be produced almost all of the metal powder, less impurities, high purity, used for the chemical industry; reduction and fogging method is more economical and higher volumes of steel powder preparation method, is widely used in machinery manufacturing high-volume parts production.
In recent years, powder metallurgy products industry developed rapidly, the annual growth rate in eastern and coastal areas were more than 10%. Iron and steel powder production is also increasing year by year, in 2004 the national production of 13 million tons in 2005 planned output of 150,000 tons, representing an increase of 15.5% last year. It is the largest user of powder metallurgy products, the automotive industry, in the 1990s China's average per truck powder metallurgy products, the amount is only 2-3 kg, product varieties are also the main sleeve type oil bearing member; and a current vehicle The amount has reached about 5 kg, product variety has also turned to the main structure. Power steering valve cover, oil pump rotor and so the successful development of a number of representative structural members, marking China's powder metallurgy industry to a new level.
Cui Jianmin said that although China's powder metallurgy industry has made considerable progress, but compared with developed countries is still not a small gap. Statistics show that the North American market in 2003 metal powder production has reached 517,000 tons in 2008 to 65.7 million tons. The amount of developed countries, automobile manufacturing powder metallurgy products, powder metallurgy products accounted for the vast majority of the total output, such as the United States accounted for 70%, Europe 80%, while China is still less than 40%. Powder metallurgy products European average usage per vehicle is 14 kg, 16 kg Japan, the United States has reached more than 18 kg, the next few years may reach 22 kg, while the current average per vehicle amount of powder metallurgy products, but only 5 kg or so. If calculated according to an annual output of 5 million cars, China's annual auto parts with about 25,000 tons of steel powder, if the amount of powder metallurgy products per car to the European level, with car ownership in powder metallurgy parts replacement, then steel powder alone would need nearly 10 million tons / year.
Questions of the powder metallurgy industry to accelerate development should concern
Cui Jianmin that China powder metallurgy technology was developed in the 1970s and 1980s, started and not too late, but the development is not fast enough, not only to be improved in terms of quantity, variety and quality needs to be improved, such as powder properties needs to be improved, compression, chemical composition needs to be improved, different specifications and grades to be further enriched, relatively poor quality and consistency of the problems to be solved as soon as possible, in particular, to improve production efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs and work hard to meet the increasingly fierce international and domestic market competition.
He also believes that the development of powder metallurgy is the first to solve the education problem. It is understood that there are only a few institutions, Central South University, Northeastern University, University of Science and Technology Beijing and Hefei University with a professional powder metallurgy, which facilitate and promote a new industry talent pool is not enough. Due to the impact of the original strips separated education system, the original machinery industry institutions have no professional powder metallurgy, mechanical industry, causing most do not understand the technical backbone of powder metallurgy technology, the impact of the application of powder metallurgy products in the machinery industry. The late 1990s, some mechanical colleges before being opened metallurgy courses, but generally not enough hours, some just as informative presentation.
The second is to go out, bringing in. Powder metallurgy industry to increase domestic and international exchanges with the industry to promote the development of domestic metallurgy industry.
The third is to formulate appropriate policies to support new industries as metallurgy technology. As the years China has been a large number of imports from abroad containing MnS pre-alloyed steel powder and cutting low alloy steel powder, water atomized iron powder production companies to develop and promote the use of the pre-alloyed steel powder responsibility, but the government should have policies stand by.
Cui Jianmin also briefed reporters Laiwu powder metallurgy company's production and operation: the company has a reduction and water atomization milling production lines, is recognized by the Ministry of Science, "National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) Achievements Industrialization base ", in 2004 they produced water atomized iron powder and the reduction of 30,000 tons, accounting for 23% of total domestic steel powder. Currently, the company provides four categories of 14 brands of water-atomized steel powder to the market, diffusion alloy powder and pure iron powder, reduced iron powder and 15 grades. In 2005, the company plans to produce all kinds of Laiwu powder metallurgy powder 40,000 tons of steel in the domestic market share will rise to 26.66%.
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